Irrigation
Irrigation in civil engineering refers to the artificial application of water to agricultural land, gardens, and landscapes to support plant growth and optimize water usage. It involves designing and constructing systems such as canals, pipelines, reservoirs, dams, sprinklers, and drip irrigation networks to distribute water efficiently. Irrigation engineering ensures the proper management of water resources, preventing overuse and soil degradation while improving crop yield and sustainability. Various methods, including surface, subsurface, and pressurized irrigation, are used based on soil type, climate, and crop requirements. Proper irrigation planning and infrastructure development play a crucial role in water conservation, agricultural productivity, and environmental sustainability.